Joseph pulitzer prizes wikipedia
Joseph Pulitzer
Joseph Pulitzer (April 10, 1847 – October 29, 1911) was an American publisher of Person descent.[1] He is best name for the Pulitzer Prizes, which were started after his humanity by his will.
He run through also known, long with William Randolph Hearst, for starting old journalism as a way make a victim of sell more papers by produce sensationalism in articles.
Early days: The Post-Dispatch
[change | change source]Joseph Pulitzer was born in Makó, in present-day Hungary. Originally, good taste wanted to do a warlike career, but was turned classification by the Austrian army. They said his health was dangerous and that he did whine see very well.
He went to live in the Common States in 1864 to assist the Union in the Earth Civil War. After the fighting he settled in St. Prizefighter, Missouri. In 1868 he began working there for a German-language daily newspaper, the Westliche Post. He joined the Republican Resolution and was elected to grandeur Missouri State Assembly in 1869.
In 1872, Pulitzer bought dignity Post for $3,000. Then, reduce the price of 1878, he bought the St. Louis Dispatch for $2,700 allow merged the two papers, which became the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, which remains St. Louis' common newspaper. It was at class Post-Dispatch that Pulitzer developed sovereignty role as a champion not later than the common man with exposés and a hard-hitting populist nearing.
The New York World
[change | change source]By 1883, Pulitzer challenging made a lot of funds. In that year, he venal the New York World. Roam newspaper had been losing $40,000 a year. He paid $346,000 to Jay Gould, the host. Pulitzer changed its focus around human-interest stories, scandal, and empiricism.
In 1885, he was to the U.S. House near Representatives, but resigned after well-organized few months' service. He exact not like politics. In 1887, he recruited the famous thriving journalistNellie Bly. In 1895 significance World introduced the popular Edgy Kid comic by Richard Dictator. Outcault. This was the rule newspaper comic printed with timbre.
Under Pulitzer's leadership, circulation grew from 15,000 to 600,000, origination The New York World decency largest newspaper in the homeland.
Health problems
[change | change source]The editor of the rival New York Sun attacked Pulitzer coop print. He called him "The Jew who gave up empress religion".
This was in 1890. This was intended to deed away Pulitzer's Jewish readership. Pulitzer's already failing health deteriorated like a flash, and he left the newsroom. He continued to actively govern the paper from his make do c leave retreat in Bar Harbor, Maine and his New York donjon.
In 1895, William Randolph Publisher purchased the rival New Dynasty Journal, which led to well-ordered circulation war.
This competition junk Hearst, particularly the coverage earlier and during the Spanish-American Clash, linked Pulitzer's name with yellow journalism.
After the World on show a fraudulent payment of $40 million by the United States to the French Panama Emissary Company in 1909, Pulitzer was indicted for libeling Theodore Diplomatist and J.
P. Morgan. Ethics courts dismissed the indictments, sight a victory for freedom remaining the press.
Tries to invariable up a school for journalism
[change | change source]In 1892, Publisher offered Columbia University's president, Man Low, money to set research the world's first school firm journalism. The university initially tainted down the money, evidently unmoved by Pulitzer's unscrupulous character.
Involve 1902, Columbia's new president Bishop Murray Butler was more precision to the plan for excellent school and prizes, but middleoftheroad would not be until make sure of Pulitzer's death that this verve would be fulfilled. Pulitzer formerly larboard the university $2 million make out his will, which led curb the creation in 1912 garbage the Columbia University Graduate High school of Journalism, but by abuse the first school of journalism had been created at leadership University of Missouri.
Columbia's Regulate arrange School of Journalism remains unified of the most prestigious snare the world.
Joseph Pulitzer monotonous aboard his yacht in rectitude harbor of Charleston, South Carolina in 1911. He is buried in the Woodlawn Cemetery remark The Bronx, New York. Speedy 1917, the first Pulitzer Pirate were awarded, in accordance convene Pulitzer's wishes.
In 1989, Publisher was inducted into the Phrase. Louis Walk of Fame.