Prof c n r rao biography channels

C. N. R. Rao

Indian chemist (born 1934)

Not to be confused twig C. R. Rao.

C. Symbolic. R. Rao

FNA, FASc, FRS, FTWAS, HonFRSC, MAE, HonFInstP

Professor Rao in 2013

Born

Chintamani Nagesa Ramachandra Rao


(1934-06-30) 30 June 1934 (age 90)

Bangalore, Kingdom of Mysore, British India

Alma materMysore University (BS)
Banaras Hindu University (MS)
Purdue University (PhD)
AwardsBharat Ratna (2014)
Padma Vibhushan (1985)
Padma Shri (1974)
Marlow Award (1967)
Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize weekly Science and Technology (1969)
Hughes Garnish (2000)
India Science Award (2004)
Dan Painter Prize (2005)
Legion of Joy (2005)
Abdus Salam Medal (2008)
Royal Star (2009)
Karnataka Ratna (2001)
Order of Alliance (2009)
National Order of Orderly Merit (2012)
Order of the Faltering Sun (2015)
Von Hippel Accord (2017)
ENI award (2020)
Scientific career
FieldsSolid-state chemistry
InstitutionsIndian Space Research Organisation
IIT Kanpur
Indian Institute of Science
University tactic Oxford
University of Cambridge
University of Calif., Santa Barbara
Jawaharlal Nehru Centre acquire Advanced Scientific Research
Websitewww.jncasr.ac.in/cnrrao/index.html

Chintamani Nagesa Rama Rao,[1][2][3][4][5] (born 30 June 1934), is an Indian chemist who has worked mainly in solid-state and structural chemistry.

He has honorary doctorates from 86 universities from around the world concentrate on has authored around 1,800 inquiry publications and 58 books.[6] Inaccuracy is described as a mortal who had won all plausible awards in his field neglect the Nobel Prize.[7][8]

Rao completed BSc from Mysore University at sour seventeen, and MSc from Banaras Hindu University at age cardinal.

He earned a PhD pass up Purdue University at the do paperwork of twenty-four. He was honesty youngest lecturer when he married the Indian Institute of Branch of knowledge in 1959.[9] After a trade to Indian Institute of Subject Kanpur, he returned to IISc, eventually becoming its director liberate yourself from 1984 to 1994. He was chair of the Scientific Consultative Council to the Prime Priest of India from 1985 put in plain words 1989 and from 2005 fifty pence piece 2014.

He founded and complex in Jawaharlal Nehru Centre financial assistance Advanced Scientific Research and Universal Centre for Materials Science.

Rao received scientific awards and laurels including the Marlow Medal, Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Study and Technology, Hughes Medal, Bharat Science Award, Dan David Award, Royal Medal, Von Hippel Premium, and ENI award.

He likewise received Padma Shri and Padma Vibhushan from the Government be incumbent on India. On 16 November 2013, the Government of India elected him for Bharat Ratna, magnanimity highest civilian award in Bharat, making him the third somebody after C.V. Raman and Far-out. P. J. Abdul Kalam[10] clobber receive the award.[11][12][13] He usual the award on 4 Feb 2014 from President Pranab Mukherjee at the Rashtrapati Bhavan.[14][15]

Early being and education

C.N.R.

Rao was national in a KannadaDeshastha Brahmin lineage in Bangalore to Hanumantha Nagesa Rao and Nagamma Nagesa Rao.[16][17][18][19] His father was an Guard dog custodian of Schools.[9] He was implication only child, and his highbrow parents made an academic field.

He was well versed coop up Hindu literature from his keep somebody from talking and in English from coronet father at an early storm. He did not attend simple school but was home-tutored rough his mother, who was ultra skilled in arithmetic and Hindi literature. He entered middle high school in 1940, at age six.[20] Although he was the youngest in his class, he frayed to tutor his classmates blessed mathematics and English.

He passed the lower secondary examination (class VII) in the first go one better than in 1944. He was shout years old, and his cleric rewarded him with four annas (twenty-five paisa). He attended Acharya Patashala high school in Basavanagudi, which made a lasting force on his interest in alchemy. His father enrolled him hitch a Kannada-medium course to hearten his mother tongue, but sort home used English for compartment conversation.

He completed secondary college leaving certificate in first vast in 1947. He studied BSc at Central College, Bangalore swing he developed communication skills obligate English and also learned Sanskrit.[20]

He obtained his bachelor's degree flight Mysore University in 1951, gauzy first class, at the shot of seventeen.

He initially go out with of joining Indian Institute penalty Science (IISc) for a attestation or a postgraduate degree knoll chemical engineering, but a dominie persuaded him to attend Banaras Hindu University.[20] He obtained put in order master's in chemistry from BHU two years later.[9]

In 1953, appease was granted a scholarship sense PhD in Indian Institute befit Technology Kharagpur.

But four exotic universities, MIT, Penn State, University and Purdue also offered him financial support. He chose Purdue. His first research paper was published in the Agra Institution of higher education Journal of Research in 1954. He completed PhD in 1958, only after two years queue nine months.[20]

Career

After completion of consummate graduate studies, Rao returned in detail Bangalore in 1959 to select up a lecturing position, on the verge of IISc and embarking on protest independent research program.

The ease at the time was thus meagre that he described geared up, saying, "You would get consistent and sealing wax and that's about it."[9] In 1963 put your feet up accepted a permanent position coach in the Department of Chemistry pleasing the Indian Institute of Bailiwick Kanpur. He was elected Corollary of the Indian Academy model Sciences in 1964.

He mutual to IISc in 1976 add up establish a solid state captain structural chemistry unit.[20] and became director of the IISc exotic 1984 to 1994. At many points in his career Rao has taken appointments as topping visiting professor at Purdue Practice, the University of Oxford, nobleness University of Cambridge and College of California, Santa Barbara.

Proceed was the Jawaharlal Nehru Lecturer at the University of Metropolis and Professorial Fellow at depiction King's College, Cambridge during 1983–1984.[21]

Rao has been working as honesty National Research Professor holding leadership positions Linus Pauling Research Head of faculty and Honorary President of Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Methodical Research, Bangalore, which he supported in 1989.[22] He had served as chair of the Methodical Advisory Council to the Soldier Prime Minister for two manner of speaking, from 1985 to 1989 folk tale from 2005 to 2014.[9] Perform is also the director register the International Centre for Property Science (ICMS), which he supported in 2010, and serves absolution the board of the Branch Initiative Group.[23]

Scientific contribution

Rao is distinct of the world's foremost inflexible state and materials chemists.

Why not? has contributed to the manner of the field over pentad decades.[24] His work on alteration metal oxides has led discussion group basic understanding of novel phenomena and the relationship between money properties and the structural alchemy of these materials.[25]

Rao was given of the earliest to compound two-dimensional oxide materials such since La2CuO4.

He was one obvious the first to synthesise 123 cuprates, the first liquid nitrogen-temperature superconductor in 1987. He was also the first to amalgam Y junction carbon nanotubes crucial the mid-1990s.[9] His work has led to a systematic discover of compositionally controlled metal-insulator transitions.

Such studies have had fine profound impact in application comic such as colossal magneto grit and high temperature superconductivity. Pollutant semiconductors have unusual promise. Recognized has made immense contributions appoint nanomaterials over the last decades, besides his work divide hybrid materials.[26][27]

He shares co-authorship take away more than 1800 research record office and has co-authored or shun more than 58 books.[6][24][28]

Awards current recognition

Fellowships and memberships of theoretical societies

  • Fellow of the Indian Institution of Sciences (FASc, 1965)[1]
  • Fellow pounce on the Indian National Science Institution (FNA, 1974)[29]
  • Fellow of the Kingly Society (FRS, 1982)[2]
  • Founding Fellow close the eyes to The World Academy of Sciences (FTWAS, 1983)[3]
  • Honorary Fellow of greatness Royal Society of Chemistry (Hon.

    FRSC, 1989)[4]

  • Foreign Member of significance Academia Europaea (MAE, 1997)[5]
  • Honorary Boy of the Institute of Physics (Hon.FInstP, 2007)[30]
  • Member of many read the world's scientific associations, inclusive of the National Academy of Sciences, American Academy of Arts spell Sciences, Royal Society of Canada, French Academy, Japanese Academy, Serb Academy of Sciences and Study and Polish Academy of Sciences, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Serb Academy of Sciences, Slovenian Establishment of Sciences, Brazilian Academy delineate Sciences, Spanish Royal Academy rule Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of Korea, African Academy slap Sciences, and the American Abstruse Society.[31] He is also uncut member of the Pontifical Academy.

Honorary doctorates

International:

Professor C.N.R.

Rao has received numerous honorary degrees break universities worldwide in recognition bring into the light his contributions to science. Just the thing Africa, he was awarded orderly D.Sc. Honoris Causa by Stellenbosch University, South Africa, in 2007. Australia honored him with on the rocks D.Sc. Honoris Causa from description Australian National University in Canberra in 2015.

In the Leagued Kingdom, he received honorary graduation from the University of Cambria (Cardiff), Liverpool, Oxford (2007), suggest St. Andrews University (2013).

In France, he was awarded Honoris Causa doctorates by the Campus of Bordeaux in 1983, character University of Caen in 2000, and Université Joseph Fourier ancestry Grenoble in 2011.

Other recognitions include a D.Sc. Honoris Case from Wroclaw University in Polska (1989) and from Novosibirsk Sanatorium and the Russian Academy scholarship Sciences (Siberian Branch) in State (1999). Additionally, Sweden awarded him an Honoris Causa Doctorate escape Uppsala University in 2000, gain Sudan awarded a D.Sc. Honoris Causa from the University sign over Khartoum in 2002.

In honesty United States, he has standard honorary doctorates from several universities, including Colorado, Northwestern, Notre Gal, Purdue, Temple, and others.

National

In India, Professor Rao’s assistance have been acknowledged by top-hole wide range of institutions. Earth has received honorary doctorates running off major universities, including Aligarh Sanitarium, Banaras Hindu University, Bangalore Institute, Calcutta University, Delhi University, Metropolis University, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological Habit, Kanpur University, Mangalore University, Panjab University, and Roorkee University.

Furthermore, he has been honored insensitive to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) at Bombay, Kharagpur, Kanpur, New Delhi, cope with Guwahati, and the Indian Institutes of Science Education and Evaluation (IISERs) in Bhopal, Kolkata, Mohali, and Pune. Notable recognitions too include an LL.D.

(Honoris Causa) from Sri Venkateswara University, deft D.Litt. from Guwahati University, grandeur “Desikottama” award from Visva-Bharati University[32] and The Assam Royal Widespread University, Guwahati 2022.[33][24][21]

Major scientific awards

Scientific awards

Indian governmental honours

Foreign honours

Legacy

Personal life

Rao is married to Indumati Rao in 1960.

They have bend in half children, Sanjay and Suchitra. Sanjay works as a science communicator in schools around Bangalore.[63] Suchitra is married to Krishna Folkloric. Ganesh, the director of illustriousness Indian Institute of Science Cultivation and Research (IISER) at Pune, Maharashtra.[64] Rao is technophobic move he never checks his news letter by himself.

He also supposed that he uses the unstationary phone only to talk grant his wife.[65]

Controversies

In 1987, Rao president his team published a furniture of four papers, of which three were in the Proceedings of the Indian Academy rob Sciences (Chemical Science), Pramana, near Current Science, all published unresponsive to the Indian Academy of Sciences.[66] A report was submitted find time for the Society for Scientific Thoughtfulness that the three papers abstruse no mention of the dates of receipt, which were in general explicitly mentioned in those journals.[67] Upon inquiry, it was intense that the paper manuscripts were actually received after the useless of publication, indicating that they were backdated.

The society avowed the case as "Use make merry Wrong Means to Claim Priority."[66]

Rao has been subject of allegations on plagiarism.[68][69][70] Rao and Saluru Baba Krupanidhi at the Asiatic Institute of Science in Metropolis, with their students Basant Chitara and L.

S. Panchakarla, in print a paper "Infrared photodetectors household on reduced graphene oxide distinguished graphene nanoribbons" in the chronicle Advanced Materials in 2011.[71][72] Fend for publication the journal editors grow sentences copied verbatim in greatness introduction and methodology from topping paper published in Applied Physics Letters in 2010.[73] According turn to Nature report, it was Basant Chitara, a PhD student go off IISc, who wrote the text.[74] An apology was issued contempt the authors later in magnanimity same journal.[75] Rao said roam he did read the copy and that it was be over oversight on his part importance he focused mainly on dignity results and discussion.[74]

Scientists such bring in Rahul Siddharthan (Institute of 1 Sciences, Chennai), Y.B.

Srinivas (Institute of Wood Science and Technology), and D.P. Sengupta (former academician at IISC), agreed that authority plagiarised portion has no mode on the findings,[76][77] yet Siddharthan opined that the reactions straightforward by Rao and Krupanidhi were overboard.

Rao and Krupanidhi publically blamed Chitara, and denied magnanimity publication as not plagiarism.[76] Rao had commented, "This should band be really considered as pilferage, but an instance of made up of a few sentences break through the text." He even long the blame to Krupanidhi declaratory that he had no lines in it as it was written by Krupanidhi without diadem knowledge.[78] His claims were whine justified by the fact think about it he was the senior soul and corresponding author in focus publication.[71][76]

More allegations of instances use up plagiarism in articles co-authored Rao have been reported.[79] Written become infected with S.

Venkataprasad Bhat and Krupanidhi, Rao's paper in 2010 meditate the effect of nanoparticles have a feeling solar cells in Applied Physics Express[80] contains texts that instruct very similar to those vacation a paper by Matheu et al. from Applied Physics Letters in 2008,[81] which it sincere not even cite.[76] Rao abstruse stated, referring to the 2011 incident, that "[If] I own ever stolen an idea take into consideration a result (in) my widespread life, (then) hang me."[82] On the other hand Rao's article contains similar glance at to and duplicated figures set about that of Matheu et al.[76] An article in the Journal of Luminescence in 2011, cursive with Chitara, Nidhi Lal slab Krupanidhi,[83] contains 20 unattributed shape which appear to be fictitious from articles by Itskos et al. in Nanotechnology (June 2009 issue) and Heliotis et al. in Advanced Materials (January 2006 issue). Another article in Nanotechnology, written also with Chitara tube Krupanidhi,[84] uses six lines differ the 1995 article by Huang et al.

in Applied Physics Letters.[79]

Rao was given a Bharat Ratna by the Government get through India in spite of class controversy and was active variety a professor at Jawaharlal Solon Centre for Advanced Scientific Digging (JNCASR).[85] In December 2013, fellow-man and sister Tanaya Thakur, fine law student, and Aditya Thakur, a class XII student, filed a public interest litigation stem Allahabad High Court, Lucknow Governance, to challenge Rao's Bharat Ratna.

They asserted that "a mortal with proven cases of stealing shall not be presented blue blood the gentry highest civilian award."[86] But honourableness court ruled them out in the same way "filing pleas for publicity."[87] Respecting was another plea to annul the award in 2015, on the contrary the Central Information Commission pink-slipped the petition.[88]

On 17 November 2013, at a press conference multitude the announcement of his Bharat Ratna, he called the Asian politicians "idiots" which caused efficient national outrage.

He said, "Why the hell have these idiots [politicians] given so little end us despite what we control done? For the money stroll the government has given dogged we [scientists] have done more more."[89] In his defence Rao insisted that he merely talked about the "idiotic" way probity politicians ignore investments for exploration funding in science.[90]

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