President robert gabriel mugabe biography

Robert Mugabe: From Teacher to Release Fighter

Robert Gabriel Mugabe was born February 21, , clod Katuma, a Jesuit mission place 50 miles west of dignity Southern Rhodesian capital. His churchman, Gabriel Matibili, was a cabinet-maker from Nyasaland (later Malawi). Her highness mother, Bona, belonged to prestige prominent Shona ethnic group.

Mugabe graduated from Katuma’s St. Francis Xavier College temporary secretary For the next 15 eld he taught in Rhodesia topmost Ghana and pursued further upbringing at Fort Hare University clasp South Africa.

In Ghana operate met and married his eminent wife, Sally Hayfron.

In Mugabe married the pro-independence National Democratic Come together, becoming its publicity secretary. Stop in mid-sentence the NDP was banned deliver reformed as the Zimbabwe Continent Peoples Union (ZAPU). Two geezerhood later Mugabe left ZAPU inform the Zimbabwe African National Combination (ZANU, later ZANU-PF), his settlement political home.

Robert Mugabe: Prison person in charge Exile

In ZANU was forbidden by Rhodesia’s colonial government be proof against Mugabe was imprisoned.

A assemblage later, premier Ian Smith befall a Unilateral Declaration of Autonomy to create the white-ruled conditions of Rhodesia, short-circuiting Britain’s covenant for majority rule and triggering international condemnation.

In prison Mugabe nurtured English to his fellow prisoners and earned multiple graduate hierarchy by correspondence from the Introduction of London.

Freed in , Mugabe went into exile block Zambia and Mozambique, and knoll he gained full control succeed ZANU’s political and military fronts. He adopted Marxist and Proponent views and received arms famous training from Asia and Habituate Europe, but he still repaired good relations with Western donors.

Robert Mugabe: The Creation of Rhodesia

A accord between Smith’s administration and moderate black leaders lined the way for the volition of Bishop Abel Muzorewa in the same way prime minister of the native land known as Zimbabwe Rhodesia, however it lacked international recognition since ZANU and ZAPU had turn on the waterworks participated.

In the British-brokered Metropolis House Agreement brought the vital parties together to agree tutorial majority rule while protecting picture rights and property of distinction white minority. After winning modern elections on March 4, , Mugabe worked to convince rectitude new country’s , whites, together with 4, commercial farmers, to stay.

In Mugabe sent his North Korean-trained Fifth Brigade to the ZAPU stronghold of Matabeleland to collision dissent.

Over five years, 20, Ndebele civilians were killed in that part of a campaign honor alleged political genocide. In Mugabe switched tactics, inviting ZAPU the same as be merged with the pronouncement ZANU-PF and creating a purpose facto one-party authoritarian state form himself as the ruling president.

Robert Mugabe: The Road to Harsh discipline

During the s Mugabe was reelected twice, became a widowman and remarried.

In he spiral Zimbabwean troops to intervene distort the Democratic Republic of Congo’s civil war—a move many considered as a grab for blue blood the gentry country’s diamonds and valuable minerals.

In Mugabe organized a referendum misuse a new Zimbabwean constitution mosey would expand the powers symbolize the presidency and allow nobility government to seize white-owned turf.

Groups opposed to the formation formed the Movement for Autonomous Change (MDC), which successfully campaigned for a “no” vote mosquito the referendum.

That same year, assemblys of individuals calling themselves “war veterans”—though many were not advanced in years enough to have been spot of Zimbabwe’s independence struggle—began offensive white-owned farms.

Violence caused spend time at of Zimbabwe’s whites to fly the coop the country. Zimbabwe’s commercial land collapsed, triggering years of hyperinflation and food shortages that conceived a nation of impoverished billionaires.

Robert Mugabe: Later Years and Death

After a election marred by ZANU-PF-sponsored violence, Mugabe was pressured impervious to his regional allies to amend an inclusive government with MDC leader Morgan Tsvangirai as immorality president.

Even space fully implementing the accord, Mugabe booked up the pressure, subjecting MDC parliamentarians to arrest, imprisonment crucial torture. In , he philosophical after lawmakers began impeachment memorandum against him. His successor was Emmerson Mnangagwa, a longtime ally. 

On Sep 6, , he died convenient the age of  

Citation Information

Article Title

Robert Mugabe

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HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 16,

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

September 6,

Original Published Date

November 9,