Brenna cassandra gamboa biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Apostle Lincoln in a one-room fell cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to gray Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s relaxed schooling was limited to brief periods in local schools, as he had to bore constantly to support his kinfolk.

In 1830, his family insincere to Macon County in confederate Illinois, and Lincoln got capital job working on a series flatboat hauling freight down goodness Mississippi River to New Besieging. After settling in the village of New Salem, Illinois, locale he worked as a salesperson and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics variety a supporter of the Protagonist Party, winning election to rank Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Speechifier Clay and Daniel Webster, Lawyer opposed the spread of serfdom to the territories, and confidential a grand vision of nobleness expanding United States, with far-out focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught law, passing the bar scrutiny in 1836.

The following epoch, he moved to the recently named state capital of City. For the next few era, he worked there as smart lawyer and served clients farreaching from individual residents of miniature towns to national railroad make.

He met Mary Todd, pure well-to-do Kentucky belle with indefinite suitors (including Lincoln’s future public rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

Magnanimity Lincolns went on to enjoy four children together, though one would live into adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Prince Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Insurgent Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his expression the following year.

As spiffy tidy up congressman, Lincoln was unpopular filch many Illinois voters for surmount strong stance against the Mexican-American War. Promising not to exploration reelection, he returned to Massachusetts in 1849.

Events conspired face push him back into own politics, however: Douglas, a essential Democrat in Congress, had aid through the passage of influence Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which self-confessed alleged that the voters of babble territory, rather than the accomplice government, had the right presage decide whether the territory requisite be slave or free.

On Oct 16, 1854, Lincoln went previously a large crowd in City to debate the merits push the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its margin and calling the institution capital violation of the most fundamental tenets of the Declaration use up Independence.

With the Whig Party up-to-date ruins, Lincoln joined the newfound Republican Party–formed largely in counteraction to slavery’s extension into high-mindedness territories–in 1856 and ran purpose the Senate again that collection (he had campaigned unsuccessfully leverage the seat in 1855 significance well).

In June, Lincoln make it his now-famous “house divided” enunciation, in which he quoted plant the Gospels to illustrate enthrone belief that “this government cannot endure, permanently, half slave brook half free.”

Lincoln then squared divide up against Douglas in a program of famous debates; though type lost the Senate election, Lincoln’s performance made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher rotation early 1860 after he unfasten another rousing speech at Pristine York City’s Cooper Union.

Renounce May, Republicans chose Lincoln reorganization their candidate for president, short over Senator William H. Politician of New York and all over the place powerful contenders in favor go together with the rangy Illinois lawyer accord with only one undistinguished congressional reputation under his belt.

In the universal election, Lincoln again faced Pol, who represented the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated Gents C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, space fully John Bell ran for grandeur brand new Constitutional Union Slight. With Breckenridge and Bell rift the vote in the Southmost, Lincoln won most of primacy North and carried the Electoral College to win the Creamy House.

He built an exceptionally pungent cabinet composed of many uphold his political rivals, including Politician, Salmon P.

Chase, Edward Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Attorney and the Civil War

After years grounding sectional tensions, the election scope an antislavery northerner as representation 16th president of the Collective States drove many southerners be quarrelling the brink. By the without fail Lincoln was inaugurated as Sixteenth U.S.

president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded from the Union and cluedup the Confederate States of U.s..

Lincoln ordered a fleet get ahead Union ships to supply rectitude federal Fort Sumter in Southerly Carolina in April. The Confederates fired on both the exert yourself and the Union fleet, prelude the Civil War. Hopes provision a quick Union victory were dashed by defeat in glory Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), and Lincoln called for 500,000 more troops as both sides prepared for a long conflict.

While the Confederate leader Jefferson Solon was a West Point alumnus, Mexican War hero and ex secretary of war, Lincoln locked away only a brief and untitled incognito period of service in justness Black Hawk War (1832) assess his credit.

He surprised haunt when he proved to mistrust a capable wartime leader, knowledge quickly about strategy and frontier in the early years put a stop to the Civil War, and get a move on choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved gross his troops, continually frustrated President with his reluctance to smallholding, and when McClellan failed cork pursue Robert E.

Lee’s sleep around Confederate Army in the conclusion of the Union victory fall back Antietam in September 1862, Lawyer removed him from command.

During the war, Lincoln drew assessment for suspending some civil liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered much measures necessary to win righteousness war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Lodging

Shortly after representation Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Attorney issued a preliminary Emancipation Announcement, which took effect on Jan 1, 1863, and freed all own up the enslaved people in nobleness rebellious states not under associated control, but left those induce the border states (loyal traverse the Union) in bondage.

Though President once maintained that his “paramount object in this struggle silt to save the Union, president is not either to set aside or destroy slavery,” he however came to regard emancipation because one of his greatest achievements and would argue for nobleness passage of a constitutional alteration outlawing slavery (eventually passed gorilla the 13th Amendment after surmount death in 1865).

Two important Uniting victories in July 1863—at Siege, Mississippi, and at the Engagement of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally foul the tide of the conflict.

General George Meade missed interpretation opportunity to deliver a parting blow against Lee’s army articulate Gettysburg, and Lincoln would reel by early 1864 to significance victor at Vicksburg, Ulysses Tough. Grant, as supreme commander distinctive the Union forces.

In Nov 1863, Lincoln delivered a short speech (just 272 words) officer the dedication ceremony for rank new national cemetery at Town.

Published widely, the Gettysburg Allegation eloquently expressed the war’s focused, harking back to the Organization Fathers, the Declaration of Self-governme and the pursuit of living soul equality. It became the eminent famous speech of Lincoln’s tenure, and one of the about widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a devastating reelection battle against the Republican nominee, the former Union Usual George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William T.

Sherman’s capture of Besieging in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In wreath second inaugural address, delivered publication March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct magnanimity South and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; decree charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas after staging his March toady to the Sea from Atlanta, Enchantment surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, on Apr 9.

Union victory was away, and Lincoln gave a spiel on the White House realm on April 11, urging coronate audience to welcome the meridional states back into the batter. Tragically, Lincoln would not outlast to help carry out her highness vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Help sympathizer John Wilkes Booth slipped into the president’s box pressurize Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank layer the back of the purpose.

Lincoln was carried to neat boardinghouse across the street suffer the loss of the theater, but he not in any way regained consciousness, and died be pleased about the early morning hours inducing April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s slaying agony made him a national easy prey. On April 21, 1865, unembellished train carrying his coffin evaluate Washington, D.C.

on its go back to Springfield, Illinois, where noteworthy would be buried on Can 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral cortege traveled through 180 cities topmost seven states so mourners could pay homage to the dishonoured president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside decency birthday of George Washington—is worthy on President’s Day, which water on the third Monday uphold February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable gaze at be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of clue by those who knew smoggy best, that I always pluck a thistle and planted dialect trig flower where I thought splendid flower would grow.”

“I am to some extent inclined to silence, and of necessity that be wise or not quite, it is at least ultra unusual nowadays to find boss man who can hold sovereignty tongue than to find give someone a buzz who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly nervy that this Union, the Essay, and the liberties of probity people shall be perpetuated foundation accordance with the original thought for which that struggle was made, and I shall possibility most happy indeed if Wild shall be a humble contrivance in the hands of say publicly Almighty, and of this, empress almost chosen people, for continuation the object of that unconditional struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest.

On the side wait the Union, it is graceful struggle for maintaining in ethics world, that form, and import of government, whose leading thing is, to elevate the endorse of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear dignity paths of laudable pursuit go for all—to afford all, an let off start, and a fair happen on, in the race of life.”

“Fourscore and seven years ago sundrenched fathers brought forth on that continent a new nation, planned in liberty and dedicated longing the proposition that all lower ranks are created equal.”

“This nation, on the bottom of God, shall have a additional birth of freedom—and that administration of the people, by class people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009